Category Archives: Kenya parliament

Capping Kenya Bank Interest Rates in 2016

This week parliament passed a bill to cap interest rates for borrowers at Kenyan banks. The bill has not been published online (as of now), but members of parliament prayed that it would to be assented to by the President.

In their Wednesday debate to pass the bill, they lamented that previous bills had not been signed by presidents in the past.  Back in 2004, MP’s passed a similar bill, but which the President  refused to sign into law. because it contained a clause known as the “in duplum rule”.

Sunil ratesBefore that there was also a banking amendment from the government that was also not implemented. There were later amendments proposed by the government, some of which were implemented (CBK got a deputy governor, and to vet the suitability of bank owners, banks got to share information with credit reference bureaus), but others were not (ban on bank charges in savings accounts, the in duplum rule – again).

On news of the bill passing through parliament, both the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and the Kenya Bankers Association (KBA) expressed their opposition to the new bill. The Central Bank expressed concern on the adverse consequences of capping interest rates while the KBA supported some elements of the bill (such as disclosure of all loan charges) but not the capping on lending rates and determination on the minimum interest payable to depositors – as  the segment which will be most affected is Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (or MSMEs). Considering that MSMEs are Kenyan’s engine for growth, the Bill as proposed may curtail enterprise development, resulting in poor performance and unemployment. KBA

Some tweets have also highlighted the role of the government itself in raising the cost of borrowing for citizens. Banks are in business, and they take money from depositors, and lend it out to other people and also to the government (when they buy bills & bonds). In 2015, while Kenyan banks had total loans of about Kshs  2 trillion, they also held about Kshs 672 billion worth of government bills and bonds – meaning that about one out of every four shillings lent to the public was borrowed by the government. The government is a risk-free borrower, so for a bank to lend to anyone else, it has to be  premium above that, as there is a risk of default there.

On average, banks have about 40% of the deposits invested with government – and some banks with a ‘foreign outlook’ such as Bank of India, Habib AG, Habib Zurich, Citibank and Bank of Baroda in fact invest more of their depositors money with government, than they do as loans to customers.

$1 = Kshs 100

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How the 30% Kenyan Shareholding of Foreign Companies was Conceived

For the last few weeks there’s been talk about the 30% rule. Yesterday the CS for Industrialization said it was a mistake, and the team at Anjarwalla & Khanna said they heard that it had been introduced late in the process and that they flagged it and written immediately to the Attorney General on it. Anjawalla & Khanna briefing

But how did it come about? The talk was that it was introduced late in the third reading of amendments to the Companies Bill which was a voluminous bill – almost 800 pages and with 1,000 clauses – that was discussed in parliamentary sessions over a period of 5 days.

The Hansard of one session (from Mzalendo) shows that the clause that specified that foreign companies should demonstrate that at least thirty per cent of the company’s shareholding is held by Kenyan citizens by birth may have been introduced by Wesley Korir, the MP for Cherangany – and this led to a long debate late in the evening for parliament (the sitting time had been extended).

It was supported by some MP’s and opposed by others including:

For the amendment

  • Nicholas Gumbo: If you go to some neighbouring countries in East Africa, you cannot be allowed to register a company unless you give 50% to locals. Why should we be apologetic about this?
  • James Nyikal: The reason is that as Kenya is growing richer, the majority of Kenyans are getting poorer.. The reason is basically that a lot of the wealth we have is actually owned by foreigners and a few people who pretend to be businessmen but are basically agents for principals who are abroad. In South Africa, immediately after their independence, there was serious effort and companies had even to give shares to local people, so that ownership became local. So, 30% is acceptable and we should support it for the sake of Kenyans.
  • Sammy Mwaita: I support because I remember when we were discussing the Public Procurement and Disposal Bill in this House, we pegged the local content at 40% , so that citizens may benefit from business. This is timely. We should initiate it from the time of registration. This is a very good move.
  • Robert Pukose: I support this amendment of 30%. This is because when you compare us with our neighbouring countries— In Tanzania and Ethiopia it is 50%. Ethiopia makes it very positive because companies are not allowed to employ a foreigner who has qualifications which local people have. So, we should accept this 30%.

Against the Amendment

  • (Senator) Gideon Moi: ..Number two is the fact that imposing 30% local shareholding on any foreign company is very extreme. People who want to put their money in a venture are going to be extremely wary of just picking on any shareholder. If I were to support the Member, the local shareholding would be less than 30% or none at all.
  • James Oyoo: When Kenya attained Independence, it was a prerequisite for any company to give shares to local Kenyans. The immense greed of Kenyans made us reduce it to 10% (when it) started going to individuals’ pockets. It is a good idea but it is ill conceived.
  • Aden Duale: The history of Mobitelea and Safaricom is very clear. Some brokers would sit somewhere and this meant we would increase brokers on the streets.. We will make Kenyans who are brokers in the village to say that if you cannot give them 30%, you will not do business. That is not what happens in most— President Obama says, “Take Kenya where South Korea has reached.” That law does not exist in South Korea and Malaysia…You must allow engineers to have companies but you will have people who have not gone to school.
  • Samuel Chepkonga: .. I was a regulator at the Communications Commission of Kenya (CCK). We provided a policy in which we said that for you to invest in the telecommunication sector you had to have a Kenyan partner with 30%..They kept amending the policy in the telecommunication sector to where it is now; there is 0% requirement for a Kenyan to invest in the telecommunication sector..Let me tell you Members, foreign direct investment comes in huge amounts such as US$500 million. Which Kenyan will produce US$150 million? Let us be serious. Secondly, we are a very poor country. We are seeking to attract foreign direct investment. You are now telling those companies which are seeking to invest in Kenya that this is not an attractive destination. This law is seeking to encourage and make Kenya a friendly investment country. If you are going to bring things such as these, you are going to chase direct foreign investment out of this country.

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Kenya Companies Act 2015

This morning, a session was held by the law firm of  Anjarwalla & Khanna in Nairobi to advise stakeholders about the new Companies Act and Insolvency Act that are now law.

The Cabinet Secretary for Industrialisation, Adan Mohamed, said that the day when President Uhuru Kenyatta signed 4 bills into law – the companies act, insolvency act, special economic zones act and business registration act – was his proudest day in two years in the Cabinet.

Partners at the law firm explained various sections of the new companies act including:
  • It makes businesses easy to register and operate – and one person can form a company.
  • Memo (can be one page long) & articles are simpler
  • Role of the company secretary has been clarified. Corporate governance has been clarified with penalties for directors and management including for conflict of interest.
  • 30% local shareholding in a foreign company. Adan said this was a mistake that the government would rectify. The team from Anjarwalla & Khanna said that while the 30% rule  is probably constitutional it’s impractical, and the AG & government agree. They also explained that it is for new branches only – and does not apply to existing branches, or to any subsidiaries of foreign companies
  • It gives minority shareholders court powers if main shareholder/management are prejudicial or make bad decisions/transactions on behalf of the company
  • A new company  can do anything including borrow unless if it restricted
  • PE Investor oversight: Investors can attend board meetings as observers  and  without being directors or  legally bound by decisions
  • A company must have at least one natural person as a director (all companies have 6 months to rectify this)
  • Companies can buy back shares from other shareholders
  • Kshs. 6.75 million (~$67,500) is the minimum paid-up share capital for a public company (this will affect some land-owning companies and large property developers)
  • Public companies need to know who beneficially owns their shares (the true owners behind proxies)
  • Companies are required to have websites and to publish financial statements online
  • Share buy-backs are now allowed.
  • All shareholders have rights to preemption when companies create new shares – (and this can only be from profits, not new money)
  • MBO and LBO: Banks could not finance acquisitions, but now they can. e.g. Management can to a  bank and use the assets of the company secure financing to buy it or pay off foreign outgoing shareholders – (this opens another exit opportunity for investors)
Adan also said that the insolvency law, which previously was aimed on recoveries for secured creditors, is now focused on bringing insolvent companies back to life.
November 9, 2015.

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Business Impact of the Security Law Amendments

Business Impact of the Kenya Security Law Amendment (PDF) for various people & companies (XX refers to pages, not clauses).
Aviation

  • For people who own/occupy property near airports; A cabinet secretary can designate zones and  impose restrictions on land use
  • People (farmers, bush air tour operators, helicopter charters?) who fly planes from unmanned airports, may have to inform a cabinet secretary (70)

Business Premises

  • NIS officers get powers to arrest (46) and enter any place and obtain access to anything (47)
  • A Cabinet Secretary to designate where demonstrations can take place – this may ward of looting of businesses that follows large demonstrations across towns (2)

Citizen Data

  • Landlords are to keep records of tenants e.g. name ID, email, telephone (36)
  • Police stations to obtain information from hotels in their area on guests names, ID numbers, sex, telephone, email  details (70)
  • Motor  vehicle dealers to maintain records of buyers of vehicles (40)

Evidence

  • Electronically recorded evidence is admissible – electronic messages, digital metrical (26, 29) also teleconferencing or videoconferencing of court proceedings are recognized
  • The government may intercept information if it believes it will prevent terror. Such evidence is admissible regardless of the technicalities under which it was obtained (57)

Extradition

  • (For white-collar crimes), there shall be no local extradition proceedings required if a court is satisfied that a proper foreign warrant was executed (21)
  • A police officer can apply to hold someone longer in jail by writing to a judge e.g the Britam-Acorn case

Immigration 

  • A cabinet secretary shall designate which industries are eligible for work permits  – and also vet foreign investors (42)
  • An (all important) ID card can be cancelled if there is evidence of fraud  in its procurement (22)
  • Foreign nationals residing in Kenya for more than 3 months will have to inform the government of change of address (66)
  • Employment bureaus to be registered before sending Kenyans to work overseas (42)

Media/Social Media

  • If you travel to a country designated as a terrorist training country without passing through immigration you are presumed to have traveled to receive terrorist training (54) ..people who live around border areas are exempted
  • Anyone who publishes or broadcasts  photos of victims  of terror  omits a crime can be jailed for 3 years or fined Kshs 5 million (55)

Self Protection

  • Want to own a gun? A  firearm licensing board will be created to assess suitability of applicants, issued cancel, change licenses, and register civilian firearms (34).

Vehicles

  • No person shall own an armored car unless certified by this body (35)
  • Government to have a database of all diplomatic plated vehicle (40)

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Kenya Political Party Financing in 2014

It’s been a year and a half since the last elections, and a year since parties last published financial accounts of their performance. They are now doing the same for the 2013-2014 year and with numbers in from  most of the ‘major parties’ – what’s changed and what trends are there to see?

1. Party in the Big Tent: Of the 349 parliamentary seats contested in 2013, the two coalition groups of Jubilee (comprising TNA [which won 89 seats] and URP [75 seats]) and CORD (comprising ODM [96 seats] , Ford K [10] and Wiper[26]) bagged a majority of the seats in Kenya’s 2013 parliament – and thus keep almost all the funding from the taxpayers Political parties Fund. But since Jubilee and CORD are not coalition,  the funds are directed to the member parties. TNA, which did not exist the year before, now lead the political party finance fund list; TNA got Kshs 77 million and URP got Kshs 40 million, trailing ODM that got Kshs 78 million (ODM is slightly up from Kshs 73M in 2013).

Pic from the State House FB page

Pic from the State House FB page

2. Un-Funded small parties: Narc-K gets nothing from the taxpayer compared to almost Kshs 10 Million last year. UDF gets none compared to Kshs 8M last year, and is now mainly dependent on its party leader for support. Ford-Kenya also gets nothing from the political parties fund, while Wiper got Kshs 670,000.

3. Being in a Coalition Pays: Wiper’s accounts note that the party received Kshs 11.8 million funding from their coalition partner (assuming ODM ). Oddly, Ford-K, another CORD coalition partner, did not get any and seems totally dependent on its elected leaders  – with their Senators and MP’s contributing about  Kshs 4.5 million of Ford-K’s Kshs 4.7 million income for the year.

4. Smaller Income & Costs: ODM has income of Kshs 101 million this year (with 78M from taxpayers) compared to Kshs 244 million last year, and URP has Kshs 44 million (40M from taxpayers) compared to Kshs 76 million last year.  Last year ODM and TNA made 149M and 114M respectively from election fees, and this year the figures are  0.9M and 2.5M respectively.  Expenses are also down this year for all parties compared to 2013 which was an election year  – and this year ODM spent Kshs 4 million on campaigns compared to Kshs 132 million last year. On average, parties are spending about 20-25% of what they did last year, except ODM who’s expenses are at a rate almost twice other parties – and this could be due to their leading the push for a referendum vote on the constitution.

5. War Chests:  TNA, Wiper, and URP all appear to be building war chests for future operations and elections. As at June 2014, TNA had Kshs 29 million in the bank while both URP and Wiper had about Kshs 15 million – and ODM had  1.6 million.

Note: Political Party seat totals are from Wikipedia.
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